Analysis of sulfonamides in environmental water samples based on magnetic mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction coupled with HPLC–UV detection
مقاله SPE شماره 70022
Mehmet C. Vuran Ian F. Akyildiz
Abstract—Severe energy constraints and hence the low power
communication requirements amplify the significance of the
energy efficient and preferably cross-layer error control mechanisms
in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In this paper, a crosslayer
methodology for the analysis of error control schemes in
WSNs is presented such that the effects of multi-hop routing and
the broadcast nature of the wireless channel are investigated.
More specifically, the cross-layer effects of routing, medium
access and physical layers are considered. This analysis enables
a comprehensive comparison of forward error correction (FEC)
and automatic repeat request (ARQ) in WSNs.
FEC schemes improve the error resiliency compared to ARQ.
In a multi-hop network, this improvement can be exploited
by reducing the transmit power (transmit power control) or by
constructing longer hops (hop length extension), which can be
achieved through channel-aware routing protocols. The results
of our analysis reveal that for certain FEC codes, the hop length
extension decreases both the energy consumption and the endto-
end latency subject to a target PER compared to ARQ. Thus,
FEC codes can be regarded as an important candidate for delay
sensitive traffic in WSNs. On the other hand, transmit power
control results in significant savings in energy consumption at
the cost of increased latency. Moreover, the cases where ARQ
outperforms FEC codes are indicated for various end-to-end
distance and target PER values.
M.R.Ebenezar jebarani1and T.Jayanthy2
ABSTRACT
In Wireless sensor network, since the media is wireless there will be burst errors which leads to
high bit error rate that affect the throughput. Wireless sensor networks drop the packets due to propagation
errors that lead to retransmission traffic. This paper evaluates the effect of adaptive FEC in Wireless
sensor networks. Adaptive FEC technique improves the throughput by dynamically tuning FEC depending
upon the wireless channel loss. The main aim is to achieve desire throughput with less energy
consumption. If the retransmission traffic decreases, that is error correction performed using adaptive FEC
which maximize the throughput. The other related parameters packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay,
error rate are also being analyzed. The algorithm reduces the retransmission traffic by using Adaptive
FEC technique thus improving the throughput and reduces the error rate.
KEYWORDS:
Throughput, adaptive FEC, wireless channel, Bit error rate, ARQ
1. INTRODUCTION